The challenge of predatory publications in homoeopathic research: Upholding scientific integrity

Dear Editor,

In the vast landscape of scientific publishing, there exists a phenomenon that threatens to undermine the integrity of research: predatory journals. These journals, often operating with a profit-driven motive, exploit the academic publishing system by accepting articles without rigorous peer review, leading to the dissemination of low-quality or even pseudoscientific content.^[1] Researchers seeking to boost their publication records or lacking access to reputable journals may fall prey to these practices.

The modus operandi of predatory journals involves soliciting submissions from researchers, often with promises of rapid publication, false display of impact factor and indexing, and minimal scrutiny.^[1] As a result, poorly conducted studies, biased research findings, and unsubstantiated claims find their way into the scientific literature, misleading practitioners and the public alike.^[2]

Homoeopathy, being a form of complementary medicine, often faces questions about its scientific basis.^[3] In this context, the proliferation of predatory journals publishing homoeopathic articles exacerbates existing concerns about the credibility and validity of research in this field.

One of the contributing factors to the prevalence of predatory journal publications in homoeopathic research is the lack of proper research training among homoeopathic students,^[4] academicians, and even so-called research institutions. Unlike conventional medical education, homoeopathy often prioritises clinical skills over research proficiency, making it difficult to discern reputable journals. The pressure to publish for academic advancement exacerbates this issue,^[5] pushing researchers toward low-quality journals with faster processes. In addition, the lack of quality core journals, with only one PubMed-indexed option,^[6] drives researchers toward falling into predatory traps. Moreover, unreliable research misleads patients and erodes trust in homoeopathy.

Journal editors and publishers are crucial in combating predatory practices by implementing robust screening processes to identify and reject submissions from predatory sources, thereby upholding the integrity of scientific publishing. In addition, collaborations between academic institutions, funding agencies and publishers can help develop guidelines and standards to identify and avoid predatory journals.

One notable resource for identifying predatory journals is Jeffrey Beall’s list, known as ‘Beall’s List.’^[7] Jeffrey Beall, a scholarly communications librarian, maintained this list of potentially predatory publishers and standalone journals, offering researchers a valuable tool to avoid dubious publication outlets. Although widely respected and utilised, Beall’s list ceased operation in 2017 due to various factors, including legal threats and personal reasons.^[8]

Despite the discontinuation of Beall’s List, organisations such as the Directory of Open Access Journals^[9] and the Committee on Publication Ethics^[10] provide resources and guidelines to help researchers navigate academic publishing. In addition, the University Grants Commission has created a list of quality journals^[11] which is regularly updated.

In the pursuit of scientific knowledge, maintaining high standards of integrity and credibility is crucial. Through concerted efforts from researchers, publishers, and stakeholders, we can ensure legitimate scientific inquiry prevails over deceptive practices, benefiting both knowledge advancement and societal well-being.

In conclusion, the proliferation of predatory journals in homoeopathic research threatens scientific integrity. By raising awareness, promoting best practices, and fostering collaboration, we can mitigate this challenge and uphold rigorous research standards in the pursuit of knowledge and truth.